Ibikoresho byo guteka byahindutse cyane uko imyaka yagiye ihita bitewe n’umuco, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga, no guhindura ibyo guteka. Uburayi, Amerika na Aziya byerekana uturere dutatu dufite imigenzo itandukanye yo guteka hamwe nibyifuzo byabaguzi. Iyi ngingo irareba byimbitse uburyo bugezweho bwo guteka bugaragara muri utu turere, bugaragaza ibikoresho nyamukuru, ibishushanyo nubuhanga bwo guteka bwakoreshejwe.
Inzira zo guteka zi Burayi:
Uburayi bufite imigenzo gakondo yo guteka kandi imigendekere yabyo yerekana uburinganire hagati yimigenzo nudushya. Ikintu kimwe kigaragara ni uguhitamo ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Ibikoresho bitetse hamwe nibyuma bitangiza ibyuma bikwirakwiza ubushyuhe buringaniye kandi byoroshye kubungabunga. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bikozwe mu muringa bimaze igihe kinini bikunzwe mu gikoni cy’i Burayi, bihabwa agaciro kubera ubushyuhe bwiza cyane. Ibyamamare byo guteka ibyuma nkitanura ryubuholandi hamwe nubuhanga nabyo birakwiye kuvugwa. Ibi bice biremereye bifata ubushyuhe neza kandi birahinduka bihagije kuburyo butandukanye bwo guteka kuva ku ziko kugeza ku ziko. Mu Butaliyani, ibikoresho gakondo bitetse nkibikono byumuringa nisafuriya bihabwa agaciro cyane kubera ubushyuhe bwiza cyane nubushobozi bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe.
Ibi nibyingenzi kugirango ugere kubisubizo nyabyo byo guteka mubutaliyani, aho isosi nziza na risottos bisanzwe. Ibiranga Ubutaliyani nka Ruffoni na Lagostina bizwiho ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byo guteka. Ubufaransa buzwiho ubuhanga bwo guteka kandi ibikoresho byo guteka byigifaransa byerekana iki cyifuzo cya gastronomie. Ibirango by'Abafaransa nka Mauviel bizwiho ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byo gutekesha umuringa, bikundwa n'ubushobozi bwiza bwo gucunga ubushyuhe. Cocottes yubufaransa (ove yo mu Buholandi) nayo yubahwa kubiryo bitetse buhoro nka beef bourguignon. Ku bijyanye no gushushanya, Uburayi buzwiho kwibanda ku bwiza n'ubukorikori. Ibikoresho byo guteka bifite amabara meza, emamel irangiza, nibisobanuro birambuye birashakishwa nyuma. Ibishushanyo mbonera bya kera, nkubuhanga bwabafaransa batera ibyuma cyangwa abataliyani badakomeye, bikomeje guhitamo gukundwa mubatetsi b’i Burayi. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa ceramic byiyongereye mubyamamare mumyaka yashize kubishushanyo mbonera no gukoresha muburyo bwinshi. Igikoni cyo mu Burayi nacyo giha agaciro abantu benshi, nk'inkono zubatswemo imashini cyangwa isafuriya ifite imashini ikurwaho, hasubijwe ko hakenewe ibisubizo byoroshye kandi bizigama umwanya.
Ubuhanga bwo guteka bwiburayi bukunda guhuza uburyo gakondo nubuhanga bugezweho bwo guteka. Ubuhanga bwo guteka buhoro, hamwe nibiryo nka isake ya vino na goulash, biracyubahwa nubu. Nyamara, ubwinshi bwuburyo bwo guteka bwihuse kandi bunoze nko gukaranga no gutekesha, byerekana impinduka nini mubuzima ndetse no gukenera ibisubizo byigihe.
Ibikorwa byo guteka muri Amerika:
Uburyo bwo guteka muri Amerika burangwa ningaruka zaho zitandukanye zo guteka hamwe nuburyo bworoshye bwo guteka. Azwiho kuramba no guhindagurika, ibyuma bitagira ibyuma bifata umwanya wingenzi mubikoni byabanyamerika. Ibikoresho bitarimo nonstick nabyo bikoreshwa cyane bitewe nuburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye bwo gukora isuku. Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bizwiho kuba bifite ubushyuhe buhebuje kandi akenshi bigashyirwa hejuru yubuso butagaragara cyangwa bigashyirwaho igihe kirekire. Mu myaka yashize, hagaragaye ubushake bwibikoresho byangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije. Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Ceramic na farufari bikoreshwa mu bicuruzwa akenshi bigurishwa nk '"icyatsi", bikamenyekana cyane kubera imiterere idafite uburozi ndetse nubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe buringaniye.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibikoresho byo guteka ibyuma, bitwara ingufu nke kandi biramba, biragaruka mubikoni byabanyamerika. Mugushushanya, igikoni cyabanyamerika gikunda gushyira imbere imikorere nibikorwa. Ibikoresho byinshi-bitetse, harimo guteka hamwe no gushiramo inkono ya Instant, birashakishwa cyane kandi byuzuza ibikenewe byinshi kandi bizigama umwanya. Ibicuruzwa byo muri Amerika bikozwe mu guteka byibanda ku bishushanyo mbonera bya ergonomique hamwe n’imashini irwanya ubushyuhe kugirango ubunararibonye bw’abakoresha n'umutekano.
Ubuhanga bwo guteka bwabanyamerika buratandukanye cyane, bugaragaza imiterere yigihugu. Ariko, gusya byashinze imizi mumico y'Abanyamerika, kandi ibikorwa byo hanze bikunze kuzenguruka kuri ubu buryo bwo guteka. Ubundi buhanga buzwi harimo guteka, gusya, no guteka buhoro mu nkono. Byongeye kandi, kwiyongera gushishikajwe no kurya neza byatumye abantu bakunda gukaranga no guhumeka nkubundi buryo bwo guteka.
Ibikorwa byo guteka muri Aziya:
Aziya ibamo imigenzo itandukanye yo guteka, buriwese ufite ibikoresho byihariye byo guteka. Ikintu kigaragara muri Aziya ni ugukoresha wok. Akenshi bikozwe mu byuma bya karubone, ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese, ibyo bikoresho bitandukanye byo guteka biri hagati yibyo kurya bya Aziya. Woks hamwe nigikoresho cyibiti cyangwa igikoresho cya thermoset cyemerera ubushyuhe bwo hejuru-guteka no guteka byihuse, ibyo bikaba ari ngombwa kugirango umuntu agere ku buryohe ndetse nuburyo bwiza mu byokurya nka noode ikaranze, umuceri ukaranze, hamwe n’ibiryo bitandukanye byo muri Aziya. Mu myaka yashize, uburyo bwo guteka muri Aziya bwahindutse bugana kubikorwa byubuzima bwiza, ibyo bikaba bigaragarira mubyamamare byamasafuriya adafite inkoni hamwe nibikoresho byo gutekesha ceramic. Ibi bikoresho bisaba amavuta make cyangwa amavuta kandi byoroshye kuyasukura.
Mu Buhinde, ibikoresho gakondo byo guteka bigizwe na c0lay inkono ikozwe muri terra cotta cyangwa ibumba. Aya masafuriya, nka tandoors yo mu Buhinde cyangwa inkono y’ibumba yo mu Buhinde y’amajyepfo yitwa 'manchatti', atoneshwa kubera ubushobozi bwo kugumana no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe buringaniye, butanga uburyohe bwihariye ku masahani. Ibikoresho byuma bidafite ingese nabyo biramenyerewe mumazu yabahinde bitewe nigihe kirekire kandi bihindagurika. Mubushinwa, woks nigice cyingenzi cyigikoni. Ibyuma bya karubone gakondo byahawe agaciro kubushobozi bwabo bwo gushyuha vuba no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe buringaniye, bigatuma biba byiza muburyo bwo gutekesha no gukaranga. Inkono y'ibumba, izwi ku izina rya "isupu y'isupu," ikoreshwa mu guteka buhoro buhoro isupu. Byongeye kandi, ibyokurya byabashinwa bizwiho gukoresha cyane imigano yimigano, ituma guhumeka ibiryo bitandukanye, harimo ibibyimba nudutsima, byoroshye kandi neza.
Ibikoresho byo mu Buyapani bitetse bizwiho ubuhanga buhebuje no kwitondera amakuru arambuye. Yakozwe mubyuma byujuje ubuziranenge, ibyuma gakondo byabayapani bishakishwa nabatetsi babigize umwuga kwisi yose. Abatetsi b'Abayapani kandi bashingira ku bikoresho byihariye nka tamagoyaki (ikoreshwa mu gukora omelettes) na donabe (inkono y'ibumba gakondo) ku nkono ishyushye n'umuceri. Abayapani batera icyayi (bita tetsubin) barazwi cyane kubushobozi bwabo bwo kugumana ubushyuhe no kongera uburyo bwo guteka. Ibicuruzwa byo muri Aziya bishushanya akenshi byerekana ubwiza bwimico n'imigenzo. Ibikoresho byo mu Buyapani bitetse bizwi cyane muburyo bworoshye kandi bufatika, bushimangira ubwiza bwubworoherane. Ku rundi ruhande, ibikoresho gakondo byo mu Bushinwa byo guteka nk'inkono y'ibumba hamwe na parike y'imigano byerekana igikundiro cy'ibikoresho kamere kandi bitangiza ibidukikije. Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga nk'abateka umuceri n'amasafuriya ashyushye nabyo byiganje mu bikoni byo muri Aziya, bijyanye n'imibereho igezweho kandi bikenewe. Ubuhanga bwo guteka muri Aziya bushimangira neza nubuhanga. Gutekesha, gukaranga no guhumeka nubuhanga bukuru butuma guteka byihuse kandi biryoshye. Gukoresha imigano yimigano kugirango ugabanye igicucu cyangwa imigenzo gakondo yubushinwa bwisupu itetse kabiri ni ingero zukuntu abatetsi bo muri Aziya bakoresha ibikoresho byabigenewe kugirango bagere kubisubizo bifuza. Byongeye kandi, ubuhanga bwo guteka wok burimo ubushyuhe bwinshi no kugenda byihuse, bisaba ubuhanga nimyitozo ngirakamaro mumigenzo myinshi yo guteka muri Aziya.
Uburayi, Amerika, na Aziya bifite uburyo bwihariye bwo guteka, byerekana imigenzo yabo itandukanye yo guteka, ibyo abaguzi bakunda, niterambere ryikoranabuhanga. Uburayi bushyigikira guhuza ubukorikori gakondo nigishushanyo mbonera gikora, bikunda ibyuma bitagira umwanda, umuringa nu byuma bitetse. Amerika ifite ibikoresho bitandukanye, byibanda ku korohereza no kubungabunga ibidukikije, mu gihe Aziya yibanda cyane ku bikoresho byihariye bitetse, nka woks n'amasafuriya y'ibumba, ku buryo bwifuzwa bwo guteka. Mugusobanukirwa ibyerekezo byakarere, abantu barashobora gushakisha uburambe bushya bwo guteka no gufata ibyokurya byiza kugirango bongere ubushobozi bwabo bwo guteka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-14-2023